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Turkmenistan

Central Asia

Turkmenistan

General Matters


  • Country name: Turkmenistan

  • Capital: Ashgabat (846,000 people)

  • Population: 6.1 million ('21, EIU)

  • Area: 488,100㎢

  • Languages: Turkmenistani (official language), Russian (common language)

  • Religion: Islam (Sunni 89%), Eastern Orthodoxy (9%), Others (2%)

  • Ethnicity: Turkmen (77%), Uzbek (9.2%), Russians (6.7%), Kazakhs (2%), others (5%)

  • Climate: Continental Desert Climate

  • Foundation: Independence: October 27, 1991.

  • Location: Central Asia, southeast of the Caspian Sea

Politics 

  • Form of Government: Presidential System (7 years in office)

  • a key figure

  • President: Serdar Berdimuhamedov

  • National Supreme Leader and Chairman of the People's Council: Former President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov

  • Foreign Minister: Rashid Meredithov

  • Speaker of the House: Gulshat Mammedova

  • Parliamentary composition: bicameralism

  • Senate: 56 seats in office for five years

  • House of Representatives: 125 seats, five years in office

  • Foreign Policy: - Joining International Organizations: UN ('92.3)

Economy

  • GDP : 99.4 billion $ ('21, EIU)
    GDP per capita: $10310 ('21, IMF)
    Economic growth rate: 3.5% ('21, EIU)
    Currency Unit: Manat (1$=3.5 Manat / Fixed Exchange Rate System)
    Trade: Trading volume: $126.32 billion ('21,EIU)
    Export amount: $8.699 billion
    Revenue: $3.93 billion
    Export items: natural gas, oil, cotton yarn, etc

    Key Resources:
    * * ('21, BP)
    - Oil (600 million barrels of reserves)
    - Natural gas (residence 13.6 trillion㎥)
    - sulfur, iodine
    * Gas pipeline: 8,000 km gas pipeline in total
    - Turkmenistan-China: Trans-Asian Gas Pipeline
    - Turkmenistan-Russia: Central Asia-Center, Bukhara-Urals pipeline
    - Turkmenistan-Iran: Korpeje-Kord Kuy Dauletabad-Khangiran pipeline
    - East-West Gas Pipeline: Integrated extension of domestic gas field (773 km, completed on 15.12.23)
    - TAPI Gas Pipeline: Tu-Afghan-Pakistan-India Connection, 'Construction of 15.12.13) to hold groundbreaking ceremony for Afghan section in 18.Feb
    - TransCaspian Pipeline: Two-Azerbaijan-Turkey Connections Plan
    * Others
    - World's Largest Irrigation Waterway Operations (Karakum Canal)
    - 1,300km, water supply to 700,000ha area (built in 54 years)

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